An infrared filter is a filter to remove visible light and only pass infrared light in different wavelengths. In infrared photography, the image sensor used is sensitive to infrared light. The part of the spectrum used is referred to as near-infrared to distinguish it from far-infrared, which is the domain of thermal imaging. Wavelengths used for photography range from about 700 nm to about 900 nm. Usually an infrared filter is used; this lets infrared (IR) light pass through to the camera but blocks all or most of the visible light spectrum (and thus looks black or deep red).
When these filters are used together with infrared-sensitive sensors, false-color or black-and-white images with a dreamlike or sometimes lurid appearance known as the "Wood Effect." The effect is mainly caused by foliage (such as tree leaves and grass) strongly reflecting in the same way visible light is reflected from snow.
The pictures posted at the top was taken with a Hoya-72 Infrared filter on my Panasonic DMC-FZ8.
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